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The researchers identified the exploitation of the Log4Shell vulnerability on VMware Horizon public-facing servers as the initial attack vector. agencies released a joint cybersecurity advisory warning of North Korean state-sponsored cyber hackers using Maui ransomware to target the healthcare and public health sector since at least May 2021.Ĭisco Talos acknowledges that when analyzed individually, the attribution evidence only reaches medium-confidence, “however, we’re raising our confidence level when analyzing all these points in the context of the campaign and victims,” they said. While Kaspersky discovered the use of Dtrack and Maui, we’ve observed the use of VSingle, YamaBot, and MagicRAT.” In July, the U.S. “Additionally, we’ve also observed similarities in TTPs disclosed by Kaspersky attributed to the Andariel sub-group under the Lazarus umbrella, with the critical difference being the deployment of distinct malware. “Although the same tactics have been applied in both attacks, the resulting malware implants deployed have been distinct from one another, indicating the wide variety of implants available at the disposal of Lazarus,” according to the researchers. There are also overlapping IOCs between the campaign described by AhnLab and the current campaign, such as the IP address 8438.133145, which was used as a hosting platform for the hackers’ malicious tools. The same initial vector, URL patterns, and similar subsequent hands-on-keyboard activity have been described in the AhnLab report from earlier this year.

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Successful post-exploitation led to the download of their toolkit from web servers. The researchers also said that the TTPs (tactics, techniques, and procedures) used in these attacks also point to the Lazarus hacker group, which breached the Log4j vulnerability on exposed VMware Horizon servers. The Japanese CERT (JPCERT/CC) recently published reports (VSingle, YamaBot), describing them in detail and attributed the campaigns to the Lazarus threat actor,” it added. “During our investigations, we identified three distinct RATs being employed by the threat actors, including VSingle and YamaBot, which are exclusively developed and distributed by Lazarus. The post said that Cisco Talos assesses with high confidence that these attacks have been conducted by the North Korean state-sponsored hacker Lazarus Group. “This activity aligns with historical Lazarus intrusions targeting critical infrastructure and energy companies to establish long-term access to siphon off proprietary intellectual property,” they added. The Cisco researchers said that the main goal of the Lazarus APT attacks was likely to establish long-term access into victim networks to conduct espionage operations in support of North Korean government objectives. Symantec tracks this sub-set of Lazarus activity under the name Pompilus. The campaign appears to be a continuation of Lazarus’ activity dubbed ‘Operation Dream Job,’ initially observed in August 2020. In April, Symantec, a division of Broadcom Software, disclosed that the Lazarus group has been conducting an espionage campaign targeting organizations operating within the chemical sector. Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency’s (CISA) June advisory that detailed continued attempts from hackers to compromise vulnerable VMware Horizon servers.” “We have also observed an overlap of command and control (C2) and payload-hosting infrastructure between our findings and the U.S. “This campaign was previously partially disclosed by other security firms, but our findings reveal more details about the adversary’s modus operandi,” Jung soo An, Asheer Malhotra, and Vitor Ventura, Cisco Talos researchers, wrote in a blog post.

Additionally, the researchers also discovered the use of a recently disclosed implant that it is calling ‘ MagicRAT’ in this campaign.

The researchers also discovered the use of two known malware families in these intrusions, VSingle and YamaBot. Between February and July this year, the group is said to have exploited Log4j vulnerabilities in VMware Horizon servers to gain an initial foothold into targeted organizations, including energy providers from around the world, including those headquartered in the U.S., Canada, and Japan.Ĭisco assesses that the campaign is meant to infiltrate organizations worldwide to establish long-term access and subsequently exfiltrate data of interest to the adversary’s nation-state.

Researchers at Cisco Talos have been tracking a new campaign operated by the Lazarus advanced persistent threat (APT) group, attributed to North Korea by the U.S.

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